{"id":853,"date":"2021-02-19T16:59:44","date_gmt":"2021-02-19T13:59:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kocapinarnotlarim.com\/?p=853"},"modified":"2021-06-19T17:54:40","modified_gmt":"2021-06-19T14:54:40","slug":"insanlasmanin-yolu-empati","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kocapinarnotlarim.com\/?p=853","title":{"rendered":"\u0130NSANLA\u015eMANIN YOLU: EMPAT\u0130\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0130NSANLA\u015eMANIN YOLU: EMPAT\u0130\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kocap\u0131nar Notlar\u0131m<\/p>\n<p>EMPAT\u0130 kavram\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131saca canl\u0131lar\u0131n beden dillerini anlamak olarak tan\u0131mlayabiliriz. \u0130nsan\u0131 insanla\u015ft\u0131ran empati yeteni\u011fini esasen \u00e7evremizdeki kimi hayvan t\u00fcrlerinde de g\u00f6rebiliriz. \u00d6rne\u011fin bir ku\u015f yuvas\u0131ndaki yavrulara sald\u0131rmaya kalk\u0131\u015fan bir y\u0131lan ya da bir y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 olursa \u00e7evredeki anne ve baba ku\u015flardan ba\u015fka ayn\u0131 t\u00fcrden bir \u00e7ok ku\u015f da \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131klar atarak, pike u\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131 yaparak \u00a0sald\u0131rgan\u0131 \u00fcrk\u00fct\u00fcp ka\u00e7\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Atlar s\u00fcr\u00fcdeki yavrular\u0131n\u0131 \u00a0sald\u0131rgan kurtlardan korumak i\u00e7in bir \u00e7ember halinde toplanarak k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck taylar\u0131 \u00e7emberin i\u00e7ine al\u0131rlar. Buffalolar s\u00fcr\u00fcdeki zay\u0131flar\u0131 ve yaral\u0131lar\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in sald\u0131rgan aslanlara kar\u015f\u0131 cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 savunma hareketlerinde bulunurlar. Bu \u00f6rnekleri \u00e7o\u011faltmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130nsanlar\u0131n evrim zincirinde en yak\u0131n akrabalar\u0131 olan \u015fempanzelerin bonobo kolunda, d\u00f6rt ya\u015f\u0131ndan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yavrular\u0131n herhangi bir sald\u0131r\u0131ya u\u011framas\u0131 halinde, s\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00a0b\u00fct\u00fcn bireyleri birle\u015ferek sald\u0131rgana meydan daya\u011f\u0131 atarlar. Hayvanat bah\u00e7elerindeki bak\u0131c\u0131lar topluluktaki bonobolara yiyecek da\u011f\u0131t\u0131rken i\u00e7lerinden birine yiyecek vermezse, bu ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n fark\u0131na varan bonobolar bu ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 protesto etmek i\u00e7in ellerindeki yiyecekleri yere f\u0131rlat\u0131rlar. Kedileri severek g\u00f6zleyenler, bir kedi ailesindeki yavrular\u0131n ayr\u0131m yap\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn anneler taraf\u0131ndan emzirilip korundu\u011funa, bu nedenle annelerin s\u0131ra ile beslenmeye gittiklerine tan\u0131k olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Annelerini kaybedip a\u00e7 kalan kedi yavrular\u0131n\u0131n yavrulu di\u015fi k\u00f6peklerce emzirildikleri s\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fclen olaylardand\u0131r. Hatta a\u00e7 s\u0131\u011f\u0131r yavrular\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fctl\u00fc e\u015fekler, hatta s\u00fctl\u00fc kad\u0131nlar taraf\u0131ndan emzirildiklerine de tan\u0131k olunmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p>Yukar\u0131da say\u0131lan \u00f6rneklerden, empatinin salt insana \u00f6zg\u00fc olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, emtatinin bayvanlar aras\u0131nda hayli yayg\u0131n oldu\u011funu, k\u00f6keninin memeli t\u00fclerinin \u00a0belki de \u00e7ok eski ortak atalar\u0131na kadar uzand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebiliriz.<\/p>\n<p>Empatinin k\u00f6k olarak nerelere kadar uzand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmesek de, insan t\u00fcr\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bu yetene\u011fin insan bireyinin do\u011fumuyla ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok net g\u00f6rebiliyoruz. Do\u011fumdan \u00f6nceki geli\u015fim s\u00fcrecinde ya da do\u011fum s\u0131ras\u0131nda bir sakatl\u0131k ya\u015famam\u0131\u015fsa, insan yavrusunun yeni d\u00fcnyas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ilk tepkisi a\u011flamayla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu ilk \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131klar, bebe\u011fin beyinsel sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan iyilik habercisidir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc do\u011fdu\u011fu anda nefes alm\u0131\u015f ve nefesindeki oksijen do\u011fal olarak can\u0131n\u0131 yakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ana karn\u0131ndaki uzun rahatl\u0131k ve g\u00fcven d\u00f6neminden sonra ci\u011ferlerde ya\u015fanan bu yanma elbet can yak\u0131c\u0131 ve \u00fcrk\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fc olacakt\u0131r. Bebe\u011fin \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerine ebesinin ya da annesinin ilk ok\u015fama, yard\u0131m etme davran\u0131\u015f\u0131yla bebek, t\u00fcm ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n ilk dersini alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: Can\u0131 yan\u0131yorsa \u00e7\u0131\u011flk at, a\u011fla, yard\u0131m g\u00f6receksin!<\/p>\n<p>\u0130nsan yavrusunun ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu ilk ders ya\u015famsal \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Ac\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, gaz olu\u015ftu\u011funda, pi\u015fik olu\u015ftu\u011funda, kendisiyle ilgilenilmedi\u011finde duydu\u011fu rahats\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131 ba\u015fka bir yol bilmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in a\u011flayarak \u00e7evresine duyurmaya ba\u015flar. Bu ilk ileti\u015fim a\u015famas\u0131 olumlu sonu\u00e7 verdi\u011finde i\u015fler yolundad\u0131r. Ancak bu a\u015famada \u00e7ocu\u011fun beklentileri imkans\u0131zl\u0131k ya da cehalet nedeniyle \u00a0 kar\u015f\u0131lanmazsa felakete gidecek yolun kap\u0131s\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur. Bu nedenle bebeklerin ileti\u015fim giri\u015fimlerinin mutlaka sevecenlikle, anlay\u0131\u015fla kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Aksi halde bebek ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n daha ilk g\u00fcnlerinde istenmedi\u011fi, yok say\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, yard\u0131m \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n anlams\u0131z ve i\u015flevsiz oldu\u011fu yarg\u0131s\u0131na var\u0131r ve i\u00e7 d\u00fcynas\u0131n\u0131n kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 belki de bir daha hi\u00e7 a\u00e7mamak \u00fczere \u00e7evresine kapat\u0131r\u2026 Bu kap\u0131n\u0131n kapat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131, bireyin kendisi i\u00e7in de, t\u00fcm insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in de, t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya i\u00e7in de bir felaket olur\u2026<\/p>\n<p>E\u011fer sa\u011flam beyinle do\u011fmu\u015f \u00e7ocu\u011fun ilk \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na sevgiyle, ilgiyle kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k verilir, ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 do\u011fru olarak kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131rsa, \u0130leti\u015fim giri\u015fimi i\u015fe yaram\u0131\u015f, bebe\u011fin insanla\u015fmaya ilk ad\u0131m\u0131 atmas\u0131 sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olur. Bebek, zamanla ba\u015fka bebeklerin, insanlar\u0131n ya da hayvan yavrular\u0131n\u0131n a\u011flamalar\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 duymaya ba\u015flar ve do\u011fdu\u011fu anda ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 dersten sonu\u00e7lar \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r: \u00c7evrede a\u011flayan, ac\u0131l\u0131 \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131klar atan bebek ya da \u00e7ocuk, yeti\u015fkin insan ya da minik kedi k\u00f6pek yavrusu ya da can\u0131 yanmakta olan herhangi bir hayvan yavrusu varsa, mutlaka onun bir ac\u0131s\u0131, a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131r ve yard\u0131m istemektedir. Ve bekler ki can ac\u0131s\u0131yla \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131k atan o varl\u0131\u011fa yard\u0131m edilsin.Bu \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131klar k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede kesilirse bebek a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sorun yoktur. Ama s\u00f6z konusu canl\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcp giderse ne olacak? Sonunda bebek de a\u011flamaya ba\u015flar ve anlatabildi\u011fince o zor durumdaki canl\u0131ya yard\u0131m edilmesini sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte iyi insan yeti\u015ftirme yolundaki yeni ad\u0131m: E\u011fer \u00e7ocu\u011fun \u00e7evresindeki yeti\u015fkinler o zor durumdaki canl\u0131ya m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse bebe\u011fin de g\u00f6rebilece\u011fi \u015fekilde yard\u0131m ederek ac\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 giderir, sorununu \u00e7\u00f6zerler ve bebe\u011fin de bu iyi sonu\u00e7ta pay\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011funu ona da anlat\u0131rlarsa, bebek, sonra \u00e7ocuk, a\u015famad\u0131klar\u0131 birtak\u0131m sorunlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fan canl\u0131lara yard\u0131m etmenin erdemini kavramaya, bu yolda ilerlemeye ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n<p>Bu ve benzeri \u00f6rneklerle canl\u0131lar\u0131n ac\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 anlamaya ba\u015flayan \u00e7ocuk, insan, zamanla canl\u0131lar\u0131n a\u011flamaktan ba\u015fka ileti\u015fim yollar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011funu ac\u0131 ve ba\u015fka duygular\u0131n\u0131 beden diliyle de d\u0131\u015fa vurduklar\u0131n\u0131 anlar: Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir insan\u0131n y\u00fcz g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnden onun beden ve ruh sa\u011f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ekonomik durumunu, birtak\u0131m niyetlerini anlamaya ba\u015flar ve bunlar\u0131 kendi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan gere\u011fi i\u00e7in yorumlar, de\u011ferlendirir. Bu de\u011ferlendirme sonunda kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndakinin derdini \u00a0ya da sevincini payla\u015fabilir, sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmede yard\u0131m edebilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7evremizde empati yetene\u011fi g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ne kadar \u00e7ok insan varsa, bireysel ve toplumsal huzurumuz o kadar y\u00fckse olur. Bunu i\u00e7in bireyler olarak da, e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131 olarak da insanlar\u0131n empati yetene\u011fini yeterince olu\u015fturmaya ve y\u00fckseltmeye \u00f6zen g\u00f6stermeliyiz.<\/p>\n<p>REMZ\u0130 KISA- G\u00d6NEN- KOCAPINAR NOTLARIM<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130NSANLA\u015eMANIN YOLU: EMPAT\u0130\u00a0 Kocap\u0131nar Notlar\u0131m EMPAT\u0130 kavram\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131saca canl\u0131lar\u0131n beden dillerini anlamak olarak tan\u0131mlayabiliriz. \u0130nsan\u0131 insanla\u015ft\u0131ran empati yeteni\u011fini esasen \u00e7evremizdeki kimi hayvan t\u00fcrlerinde de g\u00f6rebiliriz. \u00d6rne\u011fin bir ku\u015f yuvas\u0131ndaki yavrulara sald\u0131rmaya kalk\u0131\u015fan bir y\u0131lan ya da bir y\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 olursa \u00e7evredeki anne ve baba ku\u015flardan ba\u015fka ayn\u0131 t\u00fcrden bir \u00e7ok ku\u015f da \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131klar atarak, pike u\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kocapinarnotlarim.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/853"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kocapinarnotlarim.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kocapinarnotlarim.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kocapinarnotlarim.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kocapinarnotlarim.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=853"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.kocapinarnotlarim.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/853\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":918,"href":"https:\/\/www.kocapinarnotlarim.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/853\/revisions\/918"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kocapinarnotlarim.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=853"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kocapinarnotlarim.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=853"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kocapinarnotlarim.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=853"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}